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Publications & Presentations

Chemistry Expertise in the Courtroom

When does methamphetamine exist in a clandestine drug-lab manufacturing evidence sample? Sometimes it depends upon whom you hire to evaluate the analytical data: a case study.

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False Positives, Errors, and Assumptions

Examples of false positives, errors, and incorrect assumptions found in drug evidence analyses and evaluations.

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Methamphetamine Analysis and False Positives

There are various types of false positives which are specific to the analysis of alleged methamphetamine samples.

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Screening Versus Confirmatory Tests

A brief overview of the difference between presumptive methods and confirmatory tests.

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Research Publications

  • Juliano, R.; Wang, L.; Tavares, F.; Brown, E.G.; James, L.; Ariyarathna, Y.; Ming, X.; Mao, C; Suto, M. “Structure-Activity Relationships and Cellular Mechanism of Action of Small Molecules that Enhance the Delivery of Oligonucleotides,” Nucleic Acids Research, 1, (1/18/2018), gkx1320 https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkx1320, 1-13.

  • Shaver, S.R.; Rideout, J.L.; Pendergast, W; Douglass, J.G., III; Brown, E.G.; Boyer, J.L.; Patel, R.I.; Redick, C.C.; Jones, A.C.; Picher, M.; Yerxa, B.R. “Structure-Activity Relationships of Dinucleotides: Potent and Selective Agonists of P2Y Receptors,” Purinergic Signalling, 1, (2005), 183-191.

  • Moos, W.H.; Banville, S.C.; Blaney, J.M.; Bradley, E.K.; Braeckman, R.A.; Bray, A.M.; Brown, E.G.; Desai, M.C.; Dollinger, G.D.; Doyle, M.V.; Gibbons, J.A.; Goff, D.A.; Goodson, R.J.; Huebner, V.D.; Johnson, D.E.; Kaufman, S.E.; McGuire, L.A.; Maeji, N.J.; Martin, E.J.; Min, H.Y.; Ng, S.; Nuss, J.M.; Richter, L.S.; Rosenberg, S.; Shoemaker, K.R.; Spear, K.L.; Spellmeyer, D.C.; Stauber, G.B.; Stratton- Thomas, J.R.; Wang, L.; Winter, J.; Wolfgang, G.H.I.; Wong, A.K.; Yamamoto, R.; Zimmerman, R.J.; Zuckermann, R.N. “An Integrated Approach to Exploiting Molecular Diversity,” Medicinal Chemistry: Today and Tomorrow, Proceedings of the AFMC International Medicinal Chemistry Symposium, Tokyo, Japan, Sept. 3-8, 1995; Yamazaki, M., Ed; Blackwell: Oxford, UK., (1997), 137-142.

  • Brown, E.G.; Nuss, J.M. "Alkylation of Rink's Amide Linker on Polystyrene Resin: A Reductive Amination Approach to Modified Amine-Linkers for the Solid Phase Synthesis of N-Substituted Amide Derivatives,” Tetrahedron Lett., 38, (1997), 8457-8460.

  • Nuss, J.M.; Desai, M.C.; Zuckermann, R.N.; Singh, R.; Renhowe, P.A.; Goff, D.A.; Chinn, J.P.; Wang, L.; Dorr, H.; Brown, E.G.; Subramanian, S. “Developing a General Strategy for the Solid Supported Synthesis of Heterocycles: Applications to the Generation of Molecular Diversity and Drug Discovery,” Pure & Applied Chemistry, 69, (1997), 447-452.

  • Zuckermann, R.N.; Figliozzi, G.M.; Banville, S.C.; Kerr, J.M.; Siani, M.A.; Martin, E.J.; Brown, E.G.; Wang, L. "Automated Tools for the Production of Non-Natural Molecular Diversity,” Innovation and Perspectives in Solid Phase Synthesis. Collected Papers, Third International Symposium, Oxford, England, U.K.; Epton, R., Ed; Mayflower Worldwide Ltd.: Birmingham, U.K., (1994), 397-402.

  • Zuckermann, R.N.; Martin, E.J.; Spellmeyer, D.C.; Stauber, G.B.; Shoemaker, K.R.; Kerr, J.M.; Figliozzi, G.M.; Goff, D.A.; Siani, M.A.; Simon, R.J.; Banville, S.C.; Brown, E.G.; Wang, L.; Richter, L.S.; Moos, W.H. "Discovery of Nanomolar Ligands for 7-Transmembrane G-Protein-Coupled Receptors from a Diverse N-(Substituted) Glycine Peptoid Library,” J. Med. Chem., 37, (1994), 2678-85.

  • Ball, G.E.; O'Neill, R.A.; Schultz, J.E.; Lowe, J.B.; Weston, B.W.; Nagy, J.O.; Brown, E.G.; Hobbs, C.J.; Bednarski, M.D. "Synthesis and Structural Analysis Using 2-D NMR of Sialyl Lewis X (SLex) and Lewis X (Lex) Oligosaccharides: Ligands Related to E-Selectin [ELAM-1] Binding,” J. Am. Chem. Soc., 114, (1992), 5449-51.

  • Ziegler, F.E.; Brown, E.G.; Sobolov, S.B. "Single Step Removal of the Allyl Ether Protecting Group with Hydridotetrakis(triphenylphosphine)rhodium [(Ph3P)4RhH] and Trifluoroacetic Acid,” J. Org. Chem., 55, (1990), 3691-3.

  • Brown, E.G.; Cambie, R.C.; Holroyd, S.E.; Johnson, M.; Rutledge, P.S.; Woodgate, P.D. "Experiments Directed Towards the Synthesis of Anthracyclinones. XV. Novel Synthetic Homochiral Chloroanthracyclines from Acetal Cyclization,” Aust. J. Chem., 43, (1990), 1019-34.

  • Brown, E.G.; Cambie, R.C.; Holroyd, S.E.; Johnson, M.; Rutledge, P.S.; Woodgate, P.D. "Novel Chloroanthracyclines from Acetal-Alkene Cyclization,” Tetrahedron Lett., 30, (1989), 4735-6.

  • Kurth, M.J.; Brown, E.G. "Diastereoselective Construction of (a)-Quaternary Carbon Centers in the Chiral- Auxiliary-Mediated Aza-Claisen Rearrangement of Ketene N-Allyl-N,O-Acetals,” Synthesis, 5, (1988), 362-6.

  • Kurth, M.J.; Brown, E.G.; Lewis, E.J.; McKew, J.C. "Regioselectivity in the Iodolactonization of 1,6- Heptadiene-4-Carboxylic Acid Derivatives,” Tetrahedron Lett., 29, (1988), 1517-20.

  • Kurth, M.J.; Brown, E.G. "Double Diastereoselection in the Iodolactonization of 1,6-Heptadiene-4- Carboxylic Acids,” J. Am. Chem. Soc., 109, (1987), 6844-5.

  • DeGraw, J.I.; Tagawa, H.; Christie, P.H.; Lawson, J.A., II; Brown, E.G.; Kisliuk, R.L.; Gaumont, Y. "Synthesis of 5,10-Dideazaaminopterin,” J. Heterocyclic Chem., 23, (1986), 1-4.

  • Kurth, M.J.; Brown, E.G.; Decker, O.H.W. "N-Methyloxazolinium Salts: Diastereomer Ratios by 1H-NMR,” J. Org. Chem., 50, (1985), 4984-6.

  • Kurth, M.J.; Brown, E.G.; Hendra, E.; Hope, H. "Stereoselective Synthesis of Octahydro-3- oxospiro[benzofuran-2 (3H), 2'-(2H)-pyran] Systems,” J. Org. Chem., 50, (1985), 1115-7.

  • DeGraw, J.I.; Christie, P.H.; Brown, E.G.; Kelly, L.F.; Kisliuk, R.L.; Gaumont, Y.; Sirotnak, F.M. "Synthesis and Antifolate Properties of 10-Alkyl-8,10-Dideazaaminopterins,” J. Med. Chem., 27, (1984), 376-80.

  • Bartlett, P.A.; Meadows, J.D.; Brown, E.G.; Morimoto, A.; Jernstedt, K.K. "Carbonate Extension. A Versatile Procedure for Functionalization of Acyclic Homoallylic Alcohols with Moderate Stereocontrol,” J. Org. Chem., 47, (1982), 4013-8.

Seminars, Presentations, and Research Abstracts

  • Crean, Christopher; Thrasher, Sarah; Dixon, Angela; Susu, Imani; Brown, Edward; Danshina, Polina “Prodrugs of Kv7 Channel Opener Ezogabine Are Effective in Releasing Ezogabine and Blocking Seizures by Oral and Parenteral Routes of Administration”; Poster presented at American Epilepsy Society Annual Meeting in Nashville, TN on December 5, 2022; Poster Session # 1.280.

  • Brown, E.G. “A Beginner’s Guide to the Legal Side of Chemical Analysis: DWI, DUI and Drug Analysis Cases”. Invited speaker for Maryland Office of the Public Defender CLE Webinar on July 23, 2020 hosted in Baltimore, MD.

  • Brown, E.G. “A Beginner’s Guide to the Legal Side of Chemical Analysis: DWI, DUI and Drug Analysis Cases”. Invited speaker for Mecklenburg County Bar Association CLE Webinar on June 19, 2020 hosted in Charlotte, NC.

  • Brown, E.G. “Opium, Opiates and Opioids: A Brief Summary of the Science, History and Terminology in this Field”. Invited speaker for Indigent Defense Services CLE Webinar on May 1, 2020 hosted in Durham, NC.

  • Brown, E.G. “Examples of False Positives, Errors and Incorrect Assumptions Found in Drug Evidence Analyses and Evaluations”. Invited speaker at Rowan County Bar Association meeting on March 4, 2016 in Salisbury, NC.

  • Brown, E.G. “How to Determine if a Substance Is a Controlled Substance: Isomers, Analogues and Salts – and Why it Matters to Your Client”. Invited Speaker at the North Carolina Advocates for Justice conference titled ”Defending Drug Cases: The Science of Drug Analysis” on April 24, 2015 in Greenville, NC.

  • Brown, E.G. “Is The N.C. G.S. 90-89(5)(j) Drug Code Written Too Broadly If It Makes The Primary Metabolite Of Wellbutrin A Schedule I Controlled Substance?” Poster presented at Duke University Law School at conference titled “Whiskey in the Courtroom: Evolving Trends in Forensic Science”; March 20, 2015.

  • Brown, E.G. “Understanding the Science in Drug and DWI Cases”. Invited Speaker at Durham County Courthouse for presentation to attorneys as NC Bar continuing legal education credit speaker; December 13, 2013.

  • Brown, E.G. “Fun with Science Patents”. Invited Speaker at NC State College of Veterinary Medicine, Raleigh, NC for the Business & Innovation Seminar Series; November 6, 2013.

  • Brown, E.G. “Chemistry Expertise in the Courtroom: When Does Methamphetamine Exist in a Clandestine Drug-Lab Manufacturing Evidence Sample? Sometimes It Depends Upon Who You Hired to Evaluate the Analytical Data. A Case Study”. Abstract #137 Presented at the 64th Southeastern Regional Meeting of the ACS, Raleigh, NC; November 2012.

  • Brown, E.G. “Chemistry, College Coursework & Career Choices”. Invited Speaker for “Careers in Science” presentation at Panther Creek High School, Cary, NC; December, 2010.

  • Brown, E.G. “The Role of the Defense Chemistry Expert in Clandestine Drug Manufacturing Cases: Helping Public Defenders, Defense Attorneys, Prosecutors and Courts Understand Chemistry Facts and Concepts”. Abstract #152 Presented at the 59th Southeastern Regional Meeting of the ACS, Greenville, SC; October 2007.

  • Brown, E.G.; Boyer, J.; Shaver, S.R. “Detection of INS316, INS365 and Other Nucleotides in Plasma and Fluids by LC/MS,” Poster Presented by EGB at 14th World Congress of Pharmacology, San Francisco, CA; July, 2002. Int’l. Union of Pharmacology; Bethesda, MD: 2002; Abstract: C47; 100.20.

  • Plourde, R., Jr.; Brown, E.G.; Pelaez, T.; Peral, A.; Peterson, W.; Yerxa, B.; Pintor, J. “Design of Novel Melatonin Analogs for Reduction of Intraocular Pressure”. Abstracts of Papers, 14th World Congress of Pharmacology, San Francisco, CA; July, 2002. International Union of Pharmacology; Bethesda, MD: 2002; Abstract: A209; 32.24.

  • Shaver, S.R.; Douglass, J.G., III; Brown, E.G.; Patel, R.I.; Redick, C.C.; Jones, A.C.; Boyer, J.L.; Picher, M.; Yerxa, B.R. “P2Y Receptor Agonists: A Comparison of Mixed-Base Dinucleotides Versus Same-Base Dinucleotides and Their Deoxyribo-Analogues”. Abstracts of Papers, 14th World Congress of Pharmacology, San Francisco, CA; July, 2002. International Union of Pharmacology; Bethesda, MD: 2002; Abstract: C536; 146.11.

  • Brown, E.G. "New Chemistry Opportunities in the Biotech Industry". Invited Speaker for Careers in Chemistry Symposium, University of California, Davis; October, 1994.

  • Nagy, J.O.; Brown, E.G.; O'Neill, R.A.; de Vries, T.; Schultz, J.B.; Hobbs, C.; Lowe, J.B.; Weston, B.W.; van den Eijnden, D.H.; Bednarski, M.D. "Chemical-Enzymatic Synthesis of Analogs of Sialyl-Lewis X". Abstracts of Papers, 203rd National Meeting, American Chemical Society, San Francisco, CA; April, 1992. American Chemical Society; Washington, D.C.: 1992; Abstract: CARB 58.

  • O'Neill, R.A.; de Vries, T.; Ball, G.E.; Schultz, J.E.; Lowe, J.B.; Weston, B.W.; Nagy, J.O.; Brown, E.G.; Hobbs, C.; van den Eijnden, D.H.; Bednarski, M.D. "Synthesis of Sialyl-Lewis X and Lewis X Oligosaccharides by Combined Chemical and Enzymatic Means”. Abstracts of Papers, 203rd National Meeting, American Chemical Society, San Francisco, CA; April, 1992. American Chemical Society; Wash., D.C.: 1992; Abstract: BTEC 27.

  • Kurth, M.J.; Brown, E.G. "Iodolactonization of 1,6-Heptadiene-4-Carboxylic Acids". Paper delivered by EGB at the 193rd National Meeting, American Chemical Society, Denver, CO; April, 1987. American Chemical Society; Washington, D.C.: 1987; Abstract: ORGN 88.

  • Brown, E.G.; Bartlett, P.A. "The Carbonate Extension". Paper presented by EGB at the American Chemical Society Undergraduate Conference, University of California, Santa Cruz; May, 1980.

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